December 2025
Thioketenyl Radical

The discovery of the thioketenyl radical (HCCS) was reported in 2021 by Cernicharo and co-workers toward TMC-1, which they dubbed in their title as "the starless core sulfur factory." The observations were made with the Yebes 40m telescope and the IRAM 30m telescope. While only one transition of HCCS was detected, it included the strongest hyperfine components. The detection employed the rotational spectrum meaured by Kim and co-workers, including the hyperfine constants. The detection of HCCS has not yet been confirmed with further observations nor has it been observed in other sources.

Researcher Links
J Cernicharo
C Cabezas
M Agúndez
B Tercero
JR Pardo
N Marcelino
JD Gallego
F Tercero
JA López-Pérez
P de Vicente

Labeling HCCS as the "thioketenyl radial" is perhaps a bit limiting, since HCCS is the radical precursor to both thioketene, a known astromolecule, and ethynethiol, which has not been detected to date. The linear alignment of the four atoms in HCCS is more suggestive of ethynethiol. As evident in the image shown here of the singly occupied &pi orbital of HCCS, radical character is present on both the sulfur atom and the carbon atom bonded to hydrogen.


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