(entries added recently are highlighted)

LISTS OF INTERSTELLAR & CIRCUMSTELLAR MOLECULES:
NIST Table of Species (Microwave Detections)
Wikipedia List of interstellar and circumstellar molecules
The Cosmic Ice Laboratory at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
National Radio Astronomy Observatory Observatoire de Paris
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics Cologne Database
The Encyclopedia of Astrobiology, Astronomy, and Spaceflight
Extragalactic detections (as collected in the Cologne Database) are linked to galaxy images added below the dates of the initial reports.

NOTES: (1) Molecules are ordered by first year of reported discovery, though some identifications required confirmation by subsequent observations. (2) Identifications explicitly considered to be tentative are indicated with italics; recent detections are implicitly tentative. (3) Detections currently under dispute are indicated with an asterisk and orange text.


YEAR
 SPECIES
 CITATION
 SOURCE AND LINES
1937 LMC
LMC		 CH
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR MAY 2005		 Considerations Regarding Interstellar Molecules
P. Swings and L. Rosenfeld, ApJ 86:483-486 (1937)
Evidence for the Molecular Origin of Some Hitherto Unidentified Interstellar Lines
A. McKellar, Publ Astron Soc Pac 52:187-192 (1940)
Some Results with the COUDÉ Spectrograph of the Mount Wilson Observatory
W. S. Adams, ApJ 93:11-23 (1941)
Radio Detection of Interstellar CH
O. E. H. Rydbeck, J. Elldér, and W. M. Irvine, Nature 246:246-248 (1973)
Hubble Space Telescope Measurements of Vacuum Ultraviolet Lines of Interstellar CH
Y. Sheffer and S. R. Federman, ApJ 659:1353-1359 (2007)		 Ophiuchi
vis lines at 3878.8, 3886.4, 3890.2,
& 4300.3 ; uv lines near 1271, 1368, 1369, 1370, 1549, & 1694 ;
Cas A and 4 dark clouds
J = 1/2, ν01 (3263.794 MHz)
J = 1/2, ν11 (3335.481 MHz)
J = 1/2, ν10 (3349.193 MHz)
1940 NGC253
NGC253		 CN
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR JUN 2008		 Evidence for the Molecular Origin of Some Hitherto Unidentified Interstellar Lines
A. McKellar, Publ Astron Soc Pac 52:187-192 (1940)
Some Results with the COUDÉ Spectrograph of the Mount Wilson Observatory
W. S. Adams, ApJ 93:11-23 (1941)
Observation of the CN Radical in the Orion Nebula and W51
K. B. Jefferts, A. A. Penzias, and R. W. Wilson, ApJ 161:L87-L89 (1970)		 Ophiuchi
lines at 3874.02 & 3874.61
Orion nebula, W51
J = 1 0 (113492 MHz)
1941 LMC
LMC		 CH+
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR APR 2007		 Note on CH+ in Interstellar Space and in the Laboratory
A. E. Douglas and G.Herzberg, ApJ 94:381 (1941)		 Ophiuchi?
lines of the A 1Π - X 1Σ system
at 4232.6, 3957.7, & 3745.3
1963 M82
M82		 OH
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR FEB 2009		 Radio Observations of OH in the Interstellar Medium
S. Weinreb, A. H. Barrett, M. L. Meeks, and J. C. Henry, Nature 200:829-831 (1963)		 Cas A
F=22 (1667.357 MHz)
F=11 (1665.402 MHz)
1968 IC342
IC342		 NH3
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR FEB 2010		 Detection of NH3 Molecules in the Interstellar Medium by Their Microwave Emission
A. C. Cheung, D. M. Rank, C. H. Townes, D. D. Thornton, and W. J. Welch, Phys Rev Lett 25:1701-1705 (1968)		 galactic center
J=1, K=1 inversion line
J=2, K=2 inversion line
1969 M33
M33		 H2O
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR DEC 2011		 Delection of Water in Interstellar Regions by its Microwave Radiation
A. C. Cheung, D. M. Rank, C. H. Townes, D. D. Thornton, and W. J. Welch, Nature 221:626 (1969)		 Sgr B2, Orion nebula, W49
616523 (1.35 cm)
1969 NGC4945
NGC4945		 H2CO
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR DEC 2005		 Microwave Detection of Interstellar Formaldehyde
L. E. Synder, D. Buhl, B. Zuckerman, and P. Palmer, Phys Rev Lett 22:679-681 (1969)		 Numerous sources
111-110 (4830 MHz)
1970 NGC253
NGC253		 CO
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR JUN 2003		 Carbon Monoxide in the Orion Nebula
R. W. Wilson, K. B. Jefferts, and A. A. Penzias, ApJ 161:L43-L44 (1970)
Observation of CO Emission at 2.6 Millimeters from IRC +10216
P. Solomon, K. B. Jefferts, A. A.Penzias, and R. W. Wilson, ApJ 163:L53-L56 (1971)
Carbon Monoxide in the Interstellar Spectrum of Zeta Ophiuchi
A. M. Smith and T. P. Stecher, ApJ 164:L43-L47 (1971)		 Orion nebula, IRC +10216
1-0 (115271.2 MHz)
Ophiuchi
Eight UV-vis transitions in the
( A 1 X 1+ ) fourth positive system
1970 NGC1068
NGC1068		 H2 Rocket Observation of Interstellar Molecular Hydrogen
G. R. Carruthers, ApJ 161:L81-L85 (1970)		 Persei
lines from the Lyman series
for (B 1u X 1g)
1970 M82
M82		 HCO+
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR SEP 2007		 Unidentified Interstellar Microwave Line
D. Buhl and L. E. Synder, Nature 228:267 (1970)		 Orion, W51, W3(OH), L134, Sgr A(NH3A)
J=1-0 (89.19 GHz)
1970 IC342
IC342		 CH3OH
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR APRIL 2006		 Detection of Methyl Alcohol in Sagittarius
J. A. Ball, C. A. Gottlieb, A. E. Lilley, and H. E. Radford, ApJ 162:L203-L210 (1970)		 Sgr A, Sgr B2
K-type doubling transition (834 MHz)
1971 NGC253
NGC253		 HC3N
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR APR 2011		 Detection of Interstellar Cyanoacetylene
B. E. Turner, ApJ 163:L35-L39 (1971)		 Sgr B2
J = 0 1 features (9097.7 MHz)
1971 M82
M82		 HCN
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR SEP 2010		 Observations of Radio Emission from Interstellar Hydrogen Cyanide
L. E. Snyder and D. Buhl, ApJ 163:L47-L52 (1971)		 W3(OH), Orion A, and 4 other sources
J = 1-0 (88.6 GHz)
1971 HCOOH
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR MAY 2004		 Microwave Detection of Interstellar Formic Acid
B. Zuckerman, J. A. Ball, and C. A. Gottlieb, ApJ 163:L41-L45 (1971)
Detection of Formic Acid in Sagittarius B2 by its 2(11)-2(12) Transition
G. Winnewisser and E. Churchwell, ApJ 200:L33-L36 (1975)		 Sgr B2
211-212 (4916 MHz)
1971 NGC253
NGC253		 SiO
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR MARCH 2006		 Discovery of Interstellar Silicon Monoxide
R. W. Wilson, A. A. Penzias, K. B. Jefferts, N. Kutner, and P. Thaddeus, ApJ 167:L97-L100 (1971)
Detection of Silicon Monoxide at 87 GHz
D. F. Dickinson, ApJ 175:L43-L46 (1972)		 Sgr B2, Orion A
2-1 (86847 MHz)
3-2 (130246 MHz)
1971 M82
M82		 CS
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR MARCH 2006		 Interstellar Carbon Monosulfide
A. A. Penzias, P. M. Solomon, R. W. Wilson, A. A. Penzias, and K. B. Jefferts, ApJ 168:L53-L58 (1971)
Observations of CS, HCN, U89.2, and U90.7 in NGC 2264
B. Zuckerman, M. Morris, P. Palmer, and B. E. Turner, ApJ 173:L125-L129 (1972)		 Orion A, W51, IRC +10216, DR 21
3-2 (146969.16 MHz)
NGC2264
2-1 (??? MHz)
1971 NGC253
NGC253		 CH3CN
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR SEPTEMBER 2008		 Detection of Millimeter Emission Lines from Interstellar Methyl Cyanide
P. M. Solomon, K. B. Jefferts, A. A. Penzias, and R. W. Wilson, ApJ 168:L107-L110 (1971)		 Sgr A, Sgr B
J = 6 5, K = 0 (110.3825 GHz)
J = 6 5, K = 1 (110.3814 GHz)
J = 6 5, K = 2 (110.3750 GHz)
J = 6 5, K = 3 (110.3645 GHz)
J = 6 5, K = 4 (110.3497 GHz)
J = 6 5, K = 5 (110.3207 GHz)
1971 NGC253
NGC253		 OCS
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR SEPTEMBER 2005		 Detection of Interstellar Carbonyl Sulfide
K. B. Jefferts, A. A. Penzias, P. M. Solomon, and P. M. Solomon, ApJ 168:L111-L113 (1971)		 Sgr B2
9-8 (109462.8 MHz)
1971 NH2CHO
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR JAN 2005		 Microwave Detection of Interstellar Formamide
R. H. Rubin, G. W. Swenson, Jr., R. C. Solomon, and H. L. Flygare, ApJ 169:L39-L44 (1971)		 Sgr B2
211-212 (4620 MHz)
1972 IC342
IC342		 HNC
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR JAN 2011		 Detection of Several New Interstellar Molecules
L. E. Snyder and D. Buhl, Ann N Y Acad Sci 146:13 (1972)
Observations of CS, HCN, U89.2, and U90.7 in NGC 2264
B. Zuckerman, M. Morris, P. Palmer, and B. E. Turner, ApJ 173:L125 (1972)
The Microwave Spectrum of HNC: Identification of U90.7
G. L. Blackman, R. D. Brown, P. D. Godfrey, and H. I. Gunn, Nature 261:395 (1976)		 W51, NGC 2264
J = 1-0 (90665.0 MHz)
1972 LMC
LMC		 H2S
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR NOV 2009		 Interstellar Hydrogen Sulfide
P. Thaddeus, M. L. Kutner, A. A. Penzias, R. W. Wilson, and K. B. Jefferts, ApJ 176:L73-L76 (1972)		 7 sources
110-101 (168.7 GHz)
1972 NGC253
NGC253		 HNCO
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR APR 2004		 Interstellar Isocyanic Acid
L. E. Snyder and D. Buhl, ApJ 177:619-623 (1972)		 Sgr B2
404-303 (87925 MHz)
101-000 (21982 MHz)
1973 CH3CHO
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR OCT 2007		 Detection of Acetaldehyde in Sagittarius
C. A. Gottlieb, Molecules in the Galactic Environment (eds. M. A. Gordon and L. E. Snyder), Wiley-Interscience, New York, 181-186 (1973)
Microwave Emission of the 2(11) -> 2(12) Rotational Transition in Interstellar Acetaldehyde
N. Fourikis, M. W. Sinclair, B. J. Robinson, P. D. Godfrey, and R. D. Brown, Aust J Phys 27:425-430 (1974)
Observation of the 6(16)-5(15) Transitions of acetaldehyde in Sagittarius B2
W. Gilmore, M. Morris, P. Palmer, D. R. Johnson, F. J. Lovas, B. E. Turner, and B. Zuckerman, ApJ 204:43-46 (1976)		 Sgr B2
110-111 (1065 MHz)
211-212 (3195 MHz)
616-515 (112250 MHz)
1973 NGC253
NGC253		 CH3CCH
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR JUN 2007		 The Detection of a MM-Wave Transition of Methlacetylene
D. Buhl and L. E. Snyder, Molecules in the Galactic Environment (eds. M. A. Gordon and L. E. Snyder), Wiley-Interscience, New York, 187-195 (1973)		 Sgr B2
50-40 (85.45729 GHz)
1973 NGC253
Arp 220		 CH2NH
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR NOV 2008		 Discovery of Interstellar Methanimine (Formaldimine)
P. D. Godfrey, R. D. Brown, B. J. Robinson, and M. W. Sinclair, Astrophys Lett 13:119 (1973) 		???
???
1973 LMC
LMC		 H2CS
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR MAR 2005		 Detection of Interstellar Thioformaldehyde
M. W. Sinclair, N. Fourikis, J. C. Ribes, B. J. Robinson, R. D. Brown, and P. D. Godfrey, Aust J Phys 26:85-91 (1973)		 Sgr B2
211-212 (3139.38 MHz)
1973 LMC
LMC		 SO
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR NOV 2012		 Interstellar Sulfur Monoxide
C. A. Gottlieb and J. Ball, ApJ 184:L59-L64 (1973)		 Orion A, etc.
32-21 (99295.85 MHz)
43-32 (138178.60 MHz)
1974 CH3OCH3
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR NOV 2006		 Radio Detection of Interstellar Dimethyl Ether
L. E. Snyder, D. Buhl, P. R. Schwartz, F. O. Clark, D. R. Johnson, F. J. Lovas and P. T. Giguere, ApJ 191:L79-L82 (1974)		 Orion Nebula
606 515 (90.9 GHz)
220 211 (86.2 GHz)
211 202 (31.1 GHz)
1974 CH3NH2
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR JUL 2005		 Detection of Interstellar Methylamine
N. Kaifu, M. Morimoto, K. Nagane, K. Akabane, T. Iguchi, and K. Takagi, ApJ 191:L135-L137 (1974)
Detection of Interstellar Methylamine by its 2(02)->1(10) A(a) State Transition
N. Fourikis, K. Takagi, and M. Morimoto, ApJ 191:L139-L141 (1974)		 Sgr B2, Orion A
515-505 (73.0 GHz)
414-404 (86.1 GHz)
202-110 (3.5 cm)
1974 NGC6946
NGC6946		 N2H+
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR OCT 2005		 U93.174 - A New Interstellar Line with Quadrupole Hyperfine Splitting
B. E. Turner, ApJ 193:L83-L87 (1974)
Tentative Identification of U93.174 as the Molecular Ion N2H+
S. Green, J. A. Montgomery, Jr., and P. Thaddeus, ApJ 193:L89-L91 (1974)		 many sources
J = 1 0 triplet (93.174 GHz)
1974 M82
M82		 C2H The Ethynyl Radical C2H - A New Interstellar Molecule
K. D. Tucker, M. L. Kutner, and P. Thaddeus, ApJ 193:L115-L119 (1974)		 Orion A, etc.
(3/2,2)-(1/2,1) (87284.4 MHz)
(3/2,1)-(1/2,0) (87317.1 MHz)
(1/2,1)-(1/2,1) (87328.7 MHz)
(1/2,0)-(1/2,1) (87402.1 MHz)
1975 CH2CHCN
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR APR 2013		 The Detection of Interstellar Vinyl Cyanide (Acrylonitrile)
F. F. Gardner and G. Winnewisser, ApJ 195:L127-L130 (1975)		 Sgr B2
211-212 (1372 MHz)
1975 CH3CH2OH
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR MAR 2009		 Detection of Interstellar trans-Ethyl Alcohol
B. Zuckerman, B. E. Turner, D. R. Johnson, F. O. Clark, F. J. Lovas, N. Fourikis, P. Palmer, M. Morris, A. E. Lilley, J. A. Ball, C. A. Gottlieb, and H. Penfield, ApJ 196:L99-L102 (1975)
Gauche Ethyl Alcohol: Laboratory Assignments and Interstellar Identification J. C. Pearson, K. V. L. N. Sastry, E. Herbst, and F. C. De Lucia, ApJ 480:420 (1997)		 Sgr B2
606-515 (85265.46 MHz)
414-303 (90117.51 MHz)
515-440 (104808.58 MHz)
1975 HCOOCH3
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR SEP 2004		 Discovery of Interstellar Methyl Formate
R. D. Brown, J. G. Crofts, P. D. Godfrey, F. F. Gardner, B. J. Robinson, and J. B. Whiteoak, ApJ 197:L29-L31 (1975)
Observations of Methyl Formate in the Galactic Center
E. Churchwell and G. Winnewisser, A&A 45:229-231 (1975)
Laboratory and Tentative Interstellar Detection of Trans-Methyl Formate Using the Publicly Available Green Bank Telescope Primos Survey
J. L. Neill, M. T. Muckle, D. P. Zaleski, A. L. Steber, B. H. Pate, V. Lattanzi, S. Spezzano, M. C. McCarthy, and A. J. Remijan , ApJ 755, 143 (2012)		 cis isomer: Sgr B2
A: 110-111 (1610.249 MHz)
E: 110-111 (1610.906 MHz)
trans isomer: Sgr B2(N)
A: 100-000 (9224.221 MHz)
A: 202-101 (18247.038 MHz)
A: 211-110 (18575.916 MHz)
A: 303-202 (27367.048 MHz)
E: 10-00 (9207.427 MHz)
E: 20-10 (18367.848 MHz)
E: 30-20 (27440.992 MHz)
1975 NGC253
NGC253		 SO2
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR AUG 2003		 Radio Detection of Interstellar Sulfur Dioxide
L. E. Snyder, J. M. Hollis, B. L. Ulich, F. J. Lovas, D. R. Johnson, and D. Buhl, ApJ 198:L81-L84 (1975)		 Orion A
817-808 (83688.074 MHz)
835-928 (86639.100 MHz)
735-826 (97702.352 MHz)
1975 HDO Microwave Detection of Interstellar HDO
B. E. Turner, B. Zuckerman, N. Fourikis, M. Morris, and P. Palmer, ApJ 198:L125-L128 (1975)		 Orion KL
111-110 (3.72 nm)
1975 SiS
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR JUL 2004		 Detection of Interstellar SiS and a Study of the IRC +10216 Molecular Envelope
M. Morris, W. Gilmore, P. Palmer, B. E. Turner, and B. Zuckerman, ApJ 199:L47-L51 (1975)		 IRC +10216
5-4 (90771.85 MHz)
6-5 (108924.64 MHz)
1975 NGC253
NGC253		 NS
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR APR 2010		 Detection of Interstellar Nitrogen Sulfide
C. A. Gottlieb, J. A. Ball, E. W. Gottlieb, C. J. Lada, and H. Penfield, ApJ 200:L147-L149 (1975)
Detection of 2.6-millimeter Radiation Probably Due to Nitrogen Sulfide
T. B. H. Kuiper, R. K. Kakar, E. N. Rodriguez Kuiper, and B. Zuckerman, ApJ 200:L151-L143 (1975)		 Sgr B2
21/2 J=5/2-3/2 c-state (115.16 GHz)
21/2 J=5/2-3/2 d-state (115.6 GHz)
1975 NGC253
NGC253		 NH2CN
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR MAR 2012		 Microwave Detection of Interstellar Cyanamide
B. E. Turner, H. S. Liszt, N. Kaifu, and A. G. Kisliakov, ApJ 201:L149-L:152 (1975)		 Sgr B2
413-312 (80504.5 MHz)
514-413 (100629.5 GHz)
1976 HC5N
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR JUN 2009		 Detection of the Heavy Interstellar Molecule Cyanodiacetylene
L. W. Avery, N. W. Broten, J. M. McLeod, T. Oka, and H. W. Kroto, ApJ 205:L173-L175 (1976)
Evidence for Weak Maser Action in Interstellar Cyanodiacetylene
N. W. Broten, J. M. McLeod, T. Oka, L. W. Avery, J. W. Brooks, R. X. McGee, and L. M. Newton, ApJ 209:L143-L147 (1976)		 Sgr B2
J=1-0 (2662.87 MHz)
J=4-3 (10650.64 MHz)
J=8-7 (21301 MHz)
1976 NGC253
NGC253		 HCO
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR DEC 2008		 Radio Detection of the Interstellar Formyl Radical
L. E. Snyder, J. M. Hollis, and B. L. Ulich, ApJ 208:L91-L94 (1976)		 W3, NGC 2024, W51, K3-50
101-000, J=3/2-1/2, F=2-1 (86670.65 MHz)
1977 C3N
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR NOV 2007		 Tentative Detection of the C3N Radical
M. Guélin and P. Thaddeus, ApJ 212:L81-L85 (1977)
Interstellar C3N - Detection in Taurus Dark Clouds
P. Friberg, Å. Hjalmarson, W. M. Irvine and M. Guélin, ApJ 241:L99-L103 (1980)		 IRC +10216
J = 9 8 (89045.7 MHz)
J = 9 8 (89064.4 MHz)
J = 10 9 (98939.9 MHz)
J = 10 9 (98958.6 MHz)
(two doublet features)
TMC-1, TMC-2
N = 3 2 hf struct (29.7 GHz)
1977 H2CCO
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR OCT 2004		 Microwave Detection of Interstellar Ketene
B. E. Turner, ApJ 213:L75-L79 (1977)		 Sgr B2
413 - 312 (81586.19 MHz)
515 - 414 (100094.51 MHz)
512 - 413 (101981.39 MHz)
1977 C2
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR MAY 2013		 Detection of C2 in the interstellar spectrum of Cygnus OB2 number 12(VI Cygni Number 12)
S. P. Souza and B. L. Lutz, ApJ 216:L49-L51 (1977)		 Cygnus OB2 No. 12
R- & Q-branch lines of
the (1-0) Philips band
1977 HNO
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR NOV 2004		 Radio Detection of Nitroxyl (HNO): The First Interstellar NO Bond
B. L. Ulich, J. M. Hollis, and L. E. Snyder, ApJ 217:L105-L107 (1977)
Interstellar HNO: Confirming the Identification
J. M. Hollis, L. E. Snyder, L. M. Ziurys, and D. McGonagle, Atoms, ions and molecules: New results in spectral line astrophysics, ASP Conf Ser 16:407 (1991)
New 3 millimeter Observations of Interstellar HNO - Reinstating a Discredited Identification
L. E. Snyder, Y.-J. Kuan, L. M. Ziurys, and J. M. Hollis, ApJ 403:L17-L20 (1993)
New Detections of Interstellar HNO at 2 and 1.2 millimeters: More N-O Bonds
L. M. Ziurys, J. M. Hollis, and L. E.; Snyder, ApJ 430:706-712 (1994)		 Sgr B2, NGC 2024, etc.
101-000 (81477.49 MHz)
202-101 (162937.949 MHz)
303-202 (244364.054 MHz)
1977 CH3CH2CN Detection of Interstellar Ethyl Cyanide
D. R. Johnson, F. J. Lovas, C. A. Gottlieb, E. W. Gottlieb, M. M. Litvak, M. Guélin, and P. Thaddeus, ApJ 218:370-376 (1977)		 OMC-1
24 mm wavelength lines
1978 HC7N The Detection of Cyanohexatriyne in Heiles's Cloud 2
H. W. Kroto, C. Kirby, D. R. M. Walton, L. W. Avery, N. W. Broten, J. M. MacLeod, and T. Oka, ApJ 219:L133-L137 (1978)
Observations of Interstellar HC5N and HC7N in Dark Dust Clouds
L. T. Little, G. H. MacDonald, P. W. Riley, and D. N. Matheson, MNRAS 183:45P-50P (1978)
The Detection of HC5N and HC7N in IRC +10216
G. Winnewisser and C. M. Walmsley, A&A 70:L37-L39 (1978)		 Heiles 2 (& TMC2)
9-8 (10152.002 MHz)
21-20 (23687.890 MHz)
22-21 (24815.870 MHz)
IRC +10216
9-8 (23687.9 MHz)
1978 HC9N The Detection of HC9N in Interstellar Space
N. W. Broten, T. Oka, L. W. Avery, J. M. MacLeod, and H. W. Kroto, ApJ 223:L105-L107 (1978)		 Heile's Cloud 2
J = 18 17 (10458.634 MHz)
J = 25 24 (14525.862 MHz)
9-8 (23963.897 MHz)
1978 C4H
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR SEP 2011		 Detection of the C4H Radical toward IRC +10216
M. Guélin, S. Green, and P. Thaddeus, ApJ 224:L27-L30 (1978)		 IRC +10216(OH)
N = 9 8 (85633.9 MHz)
N = 9 8 (85672.4 MHz)
N = 10 9 (95149.5 MHz)
N = 10 9 (95189.0 MHz)
N = 11 10 (104667.3 MHz)
N = 11 10 (104706.0 MHz)
N = 12 11 (114182 MHz)
N = 12 11 (114221 MHz)
(doublet features)
1978 NGC253
NGC253		 NO
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR JUL 2007		 Microwave Detection of Interstellar NO
H. S. Liszt and B. E. Turner, ApJ 224:L73-L76 (1978)		 Sgr B2(OH)
21/2 J=3/2-1/2 (150.2 GHz)
21/2 J=3/2-1/2 (150.5 GHz)
1979 NGC4945
NGC4945		 OCN-
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR OCT 2004		 The 4-8 micron spectrum of the infrared source W33A
B. T. Soifer, R. C. Puetter, R. W. Russell, S. P. Willner, P. M. Harvey, and F. C. Gillett, ApJ 232:L53-L57 (1979)		 W33A
OCN asymetric stretch in ice (4.62 μm)
1979 CH3SH
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR JAN 2006		 Interstellar Methyl Mercaptan
R. A. Linke, M. A. Frerking, and P. Thaddeus, ApJ 234:L139-L142 (1979)		 Sgr B2
A+E 30 20 (75,863 MHz)
A+ 41 31 (100,110 MHz)
E 4-1 3-1 (101,029 MHz)
A+E 40 30 (101,139 MHz)
E 41 31 (101,284 MHz)
A- 41 31 (102,202 MHz)
1979 HNCS
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR MAY 2008		 Interstellar Isothiocyanic Acid
M. A. Frerking, R. A. Linke, and P. Thaddeus, ApJ 234:L143-L145 (1979)		 Sgr B2
707 606 (82101.67 MHz)
808 707 (93829.92 MHz)
909 808 (105557.95 MHz)
110,11 100,10 (129013.21 MHz)
120,12 110,11 (140740.39 MHz)
1983 C2H4
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR JAN 2007		 Ethylene in IRC +10216
A. L. Betz, ApJ 244:L103-L105 (1981)		 IRC +10216
two lines of the 7 band
at 949 cm-1
1981 HCS+
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR AUG 2009		 Three New "Nonterrestrial" Molecules
P. Thaddeus, M. Guélin, and R. A. Linke, ApJ 246:L41-L45 (1971)		 Sgr B2, Orion A
2-1 (85347.90 MHz)
3-2 (128020.67 MHz)
5-4 (213360.53 MHz)
6-5 (256027.8 MHz)
1981 NGC253
NGC253		 HOCO+
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR OCT 2003		 Three New "Nonterrestrial" Molecules
P. Thaddeus, M. Guélin, and R. A. Linke, ApJ 246:L41-L45 (1981)
Laboratory Detection of the Protonated Carbon Dioxide by Submillimeter Wave Spectroscopy
M. Bogey, C. Demuynck, and J. L. Destombes, A&A 138:L11-L12 (1984)		 Sgr B2, Orion A
404-303 (85530.68 MHz)
505-404 (106913.36 MHz)
606-505 (128294.89 MHz)
1983 NGC1068
NGC1068		 HOC+ The [HCO+]/[HOC+] Abundance Ratio in Molecular Clouds
R. C. Woods, C. S. Gudeman, R. L. Dickman, P. F. Goldsmith, G. R. Huguenin, W. M. Irvine, Å. Hjalmarson, L.-Å. Nyman, and H. Olofsson, ApJ 270:583-588 (1983)
Confirmation of Interstellar HOC+: Reevaluating the [HCO+]/[HOC+] Abundance Ratio
L. M. Ziurys and A. J. Apponi, ApJ 455:L73-L76 (1995).		 Sgr B2
J = 1 0 (89487.4 MHz)
Sgr B2(OH)
J = 2 1 (178972.0 MHz)
J = 3 2 (268451.1 MHz)
1984 CH3C3N The Detection of Interstellar Methylcyanoacetylene
N. W. Broten, J. M. MacLeod, L. W. Avery, W. M. Irvine, B. Höglund, P. Friberg, and Å. Hjalmarson, ApJ 276:L25-L29 (1984)		 TMC-1
J = 5 4, K = 0 (20657.33 MHz)
J = 6 5, K = 0 (24788.78 MHz)
J = 6 5, K = 1 (24788.53 MHz)
J = 7 6, K = 0 (28920.20 MHz)
J = 7 6, K = 1 (28919.93 MHz)
J = 8 7, K = 0 (33051.62 MHz)
J = 8 7, K = 1 (33051.31 MHz)
1984 SiH4
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR AUG 2007		 Silane in IRC +10216
D. M. Goldhaber and A. L. Betz, ApJ 279:L55-L58 (1977)		 IRC +10216
13 adsorption lines in the 4 band
1984 CH3C4H Detection of Interstellar Methyldiacetylene (CH3C4H) in the Dark Dust Cloud TMC 1
C. M. Walmsley, P. R. Jewell, L. E. Snyder, and G. Winnewisser, A&A 134:L11-L14 (1984)		 TMC-1
J = 5 4, K = 0 (20357.423 MHz)
J = 5 4, K = 1 (20357.226 MHz)
J = 6 5, K = 0 (24428.886 MHz)
J = 6 5, K = 1 (24428.652 MHz)
1985 C3O
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR JAN 2010		 A New Interstellar Molecule - Tricarbon Monoxide
H. E. Matthews, W. M. Irvine, P. Friberg, R. D. Brown, and P. D. Godfrey, Nature 310:125-126 (1984)
Tricarbon Monoxide in TMC-1
R. D. Brown, P. D. Godfrey, D. M. Cragg, E. H. N. Rice, W. M. Irvine, P. Friberg, H. Suzuki, M. Ohishi, N. Kaifu, and M. Morimoto, ApJ 297:302-308 (1985)		 TMC-1
2-1 (19243.523 MHz)
5-4 (48108.479 MHz)
8-7 (76972.590 MHz)
9-8 (86593.685 MHz)
1984 c-SiC2
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR FEB 2005		 Identification of the SiCC Radical toward IRC +10216 - The First Molecular Ring in an Astronomical Source
P. Thaddeus, S. E. Cummins, and R. A. Linke, ApJ 283:L45-L48 (1984)		 IRC +10216
404 303 (93065 MHz)
423 322 (94245 MHz)
422 321 (95579 MHz)
505 404 (115383 MHz)
606 505 (137180 MHz)
625 524 (140918 MHz)
643 542 (141751 MHz)
642 541 (141755 MHz)
725 624 (170742 MHz)
1985 NGC253
NGC253		 C3H
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR JAN 2004		 Astronomical Identification of the C3H Radical
P. Thaddeus, C. A. Gottlieb, A. Hjalmarson, L. E. B. Johansson, W. M. Irvine, P. Friberg, and R. A. Linke, ApJ 294:L49-L53 (1985)		 TMC-1, 21/2 ladder
3/2-1/2,2-1 (32627.255 MHz)
            1-0 (32634.344 MHz)
            2-1 (32660.608 MHz)
            1-0 (32663.330 MHz)
IRC +10216, 21/2 ladder
7/2-5/2 (76199.173 MHz)
7/2-5/2 (76204.541 MHz)
9/2-7/2 (97995.509 MHz)
9/2-7/2 (98012.014 MHz)
13/2-11/2 (141636.091 MHz)
13/2-11/2 (141709.087 MHz)
15/2-13/2 (163597.576 MHz)
IRC +10216, 23/2 ladder
9/2-7/2 (103319.538 MHz)
9/2-7/2 (103372.769 MHz)
1985 HCl
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR NOV 2011		 Chlorine in Dense Interstellar Clouds - The Abundance of HCl in OMC-1
G. A. Blake, J Keene, and T. G. Phillips, ApJ 295:501-506 (1985)
Vibrationally Excited H2, HCl, and NO(+) in the Diffuse Clouds Toward Zeta Ophiuchi
S. R. Federman, J. A. Cardell, E. F. van Dishoeck, D. L. Lambert,and J. H. Black, ApJ 445:325-329 (1995)		 OMC-1
1-0 (625.9 GHz)
Ophiuchi
C 1 - X 1 (0-0) R(0) (1290.257 Å)
1985 NGC5128
NGC5128		 c-C3H2
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR AUG 2005		 Laboratory and Astronomical Identification of Cyclopropenylidene, C3H2
P. Thaddeus, J. M. Vrtilek, and C. A. Gottlieb, ApJ 299:L63-L66 (1985)		 Sgr B2, etc.
11 radio lines
1986 C6H
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR JUN 2006		 Detection of the Interstellar C6H Radical
H. Suzuki, M. Ohishi, N. Kaifu, S.-I. Ishikawa, and T. Kasuga, Publ Astron Soc Japan 38:911-917 (1986)
Detection of a Heavy Radical in IRC +10216 - The Hexatriynyl Radical C6H?
M. Guélin, J. Cernicharo, C. Kahane, J. Gomez-Gonzalez, and C. M. Walmsley, A&A 175:L5-L8 (1987)		 TMC-1
13 radio lines
IRC +10216
15 radio lines
1986 HCNH+
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR OCT 2010		 HCNH+: A New Interstellar Molecular Ion
L. M. Ziurys and B. E. Turner, ApJ 302:L31-L36 (1986)		 Sgr B2
1-0 (74111.3 MHz)
2-1 (148221.4 MHz)
3-2 (222329.4 MHz)
1986 MgNC
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR JUN 2005		 A New Free Radical in IRC +10216
M. Guélin, J. Cernicharo, C. Kahane, and J. Gomez-Gonzales, A&A 157:L17-L20 (1986)
Laboratory Spectroscopy of MgNC - The First Radioastronomical Identification of Mg-Bearing Molecule
K. Kawaguchi, E. Kagi, T. Hirano, S. Takano, and S. Saito, ApJ 406:L39-L42 (1993)
MgNC and the Carbon-Chain Radicals in IRC +10216
M. Guelin, R. Lucas, and J. Cernicharo, A&A 280:L19-L22 (1993)		 IRC +10216
7-6 (F1) (83538.0 MHz)
7-6 (F2) (83522.9 MHz)
8-7 (F1) (95469.3 MHz)
8-7 (F2) (95454.4 MHz)
9-8 (F1) (107399.8 MHz)
9-8 (F2) (107384.6 MHz)
[  N' N" transitions  ]
1986 C5H
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR JUN 2012		 Tentative Detection of the C5H Radical
J. Cernicharo, C. Kahane, J. Gómez-González, M. Guélin, A&A 164, L1-L4 (1986)
Detection of the 2Pi3/2 state of C5H
J. Cernicharo, C. Kahane, J. Gómez-González, and M. Guélin, A&A 167:L5-L7 (1986)
Detection of the Hyperfine Structure of the C5H Radical
A&A 172:L5-L6 (1987)		 IRC +10216
12 radio lines
hyperfine structure
1986 NGC5128
M82		 H3O+
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR FEB 2006		 A Search for Interstellar H3O+
A. Wootten, F. Boulanger, M. Bogey, F. Combes, P. J. Encrenaz, M. Gerin, and L. Ziurys, A&A 166:L15-L18 (1986)
An Interstellar Line Coincident with the P(2,1) Transition of Hydronium (H3O+)
J. M. Hollis, E. B. Churchwell, E. Herbst, and F. C. de Lucia, Nature 322:524-626 (1986)
Detection of Interstellar H3O+: A Confirming Line.
A. Wootten, J. G. Mangum, B. E. Turner, M. Bogey, F. Boulanger, F. Combes, P. J. Encrenaz, and M. Gerin, ApJ 390:L79-L83 (1991)		 OMC1, Sgr B2/Orion KL
P(2,1) (307192.4 MHz)
OMC1, Sgr B2
(3,2)-(2,2) (364797.427 MHz)
1987 NGC253
NGC253		 C2S
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR OCT 2008		 Laboratory Detection and Astronomical Identification of a New Free Radical, CCS 3Sigma-
S. Saito, K. Kawaguchi, S. Yamamoto, M. Ohishi, H. Suzuki, and N. Kaifu, ApJ 317:L115-L119 (1987)
Sulfur in IRC +10216
J. Cernicharo, C. Kahane, M. Guélin, and H. Hein, A&A 181:L9-L12 (1987)		 TMC-1, Sgr B2
11 radio lines
2 1 - 1 0 (22344.033 MHz)
4 3 - 3 2 (45379.038 MHz)
3 4 - 2 3 (43981.029 MHz)
3 3 - 2 2 (38866.439 MHz)
7 6 - 6 5 (81505.08 MHz)
8 7 - 7 6 (93870.16 MHz)
7 8 - 6 7 (99866.98 MHz)
8 8 - 7 7 (103641.8 MHz)
9 8 - 8 7 (106347.97 MHz)
11 10 - 10 9 (131552.3 MHz)
12 11 - 11 10 (144244.8 MHz)
IRC +10216
7 6 - 6 5 (81505.11 MHz)
6 7 - 5 6 (86181.20 MHz)
7 7 - 6 6 (90686.00 MHz)
8 7 - 7 6 (93870.10 MHz)
7 8 - 6 7 (99866.50 MHz)
8 8 - 7 7 (103640.12 MHz)
9 8 - 8 7 (106347.40 MHz)
8 9 - 7 8 (113410.18 MHz)
11 10 - 10 9 (131551.80 MHz)
10 11 - 9 10 (140180.09 MHz)
12 12 - 11 11 (155454.20 MHz)
13 12 - 12 11 (156981.30 MHz)
13 13 - 12 12 (168406.80 MHz)
14 13 - 13 12 (169753.41 MHz)
1987 C3S
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR DEC 2012		 Detection of intense unidentified lines in TMC-1
N. Kaifu, H. Suzuki, M. Ohishi, T. Miyaji, S. Ishikawa, T. Kasuga, and M. Morimoto, ApJ 317:L111-L114 (1987)
Laboratory Detection of a New Carbon-Chain Molecule C3S and Its Astronomical Identification
S. Yamamoto, S. Saito, K. Kawaguchi, N. Kaifu, and H. Suzuki, ApJ 317:L119-L121 (1987)
Sulfur in IRC +10216
J. Cernicharo, C. Kahane, M. Guélin, and H. Hein, A&A 181:L9-L12 (1987)		 TMC-1
4-3 (23122.985 MHz)
7-6 (40465.017 MHz)
8-7 (46245.594 MHz)
IRC +10216
13-12 (75148.09 MHz)
15-14 (86708.72 MHz)
16-15 (92488.78 MHz)
17-16 (98268.43 MHz)
18-17 (104048.37 MHz)
19-18 (109828.42 MHz)
23-22 (132945.75 MHz)
24-23 (138725.29 MHz)
25-24 (144504.88 MHz)
27-26 (156062.70 MHz)
29-28 (167619.63 MHz)
1987 (CH3)2CO
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR APR 2005		 Acetone in Interstellar Space
F. Combes, M. Gerin, A. Wooten, G. Wlodarczak, F. Clausset, and P. I. Encrenaz, A&A 180:L13-L16 (1987)
Confirmation of Interstellar Acetone
L. E. Snyder, F. J. Lovas, D. M. Mehnringer, N. Y. Miao, Y.-J. Kuan. J. M. Hollis, and P. R. Jewell, ApJ 578:245-255 (2002)		 Sgr B2
J=8-7 quadruplet (82.9 GHz)
J=11-10 quadruplet (112.4 GHz)
13 additional features
1987 NaCl
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR DEC 2004		 Metals in IRC +10216 - Detection of NaCl, AlCl, and KCl, and Tentative Detection of AlF
J. Cernicharo and M. Guélin, A&A 183:L10-L12 (1987)		 IRC +10216
7-6 (91169.7 MHz)
8-7 (104189.8 MHz)
10-9 (130223.4 MHz)
11-10 (143237.0 MHz)
12-11 (156248.6 MHz)
13-12 (169258.3 MHz)
1987 AlCl Metals in IRC +10216 - Detection of NaCl, AlCl, and KCl, and Tentative Detection of AlF
J. Cernicharo and M. Guélin, A&A 183:L10-L12 (1987)		 IRC +10216
6-5 (87457.9 MHz)
7-6 (101032.4 MHz)
10-9 (145744.2 MHz)
11-10 (160311.9 MHz)
1987 KCl Metals in IRC +10216 - Detection of NaCl, AlCl, and KCl, and Tentative Detection of AlF
J. Cernicharo and M. Guélin, A&A 183:L10-L12 (1987)		 IRC +10216
13-12 (99928.5 MHz)
14-13 (107611.3 MHz)
17-16 (130650.2 MHz)
19-18 (146002.1 MHz)
20-19 (153678.7 MHz)
21-20 (161349.4 MHz)
1987 AlF
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR JUN 2011		 Metals in IRC +10216 - Detection of NaCl, AlCl, and KCl, and Tentative Detection of AlF
J. Cernicharo and M. Guélin, A&A 1832:L10-L12 (1987)
Exotic Fluoride Molecules in IRC +10216: Confirmation of AlF and Searches for MgF and CaF
L. M. Ziurys, A. J. Apponi, and T. G. Phillips, ApJ 4332:729-732 (1994)		 IRC +10216
3-2 (98926.6 MHz)
4-3 (131898.0 MHz)
5-4 (164867.7 MHz)
7-6 (230793.89 MHz)
8-7 (263749.35 MHz)
10-9 (329641.64 MHz)
1987 c-C3H
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR JAN 2009		 Laboratory and Astronomical Detection of the Cyclic C3H Radical
S. Yamamoto, S. Saito, M. Ohishi, H. Suzuki, S.-I. Ishikawa, N. Kaifu, and A. Murakami, ApJ 322:L55-L58 (1987)		 TMC-1
221 - 111 (91.5 GHz)
(including 4 fine and hyperfine components)
1987 PN
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR NOV 2003		 Detection of Interstellar PN - The First Identified Phosphorus Compound in the Interstellar Medium
B. E. Turner and J. Bally, ApJ 321:L75-L79 (1987)
Detection of Interstellar PN - The first Phosphorus-Bearing Species Observed in Molecular Clouds
L. M. Ziurys, ApJ 321:L81-L85 (1987)		 Orion KL, W51M, Sgr B2
2-1 (93979.78 MHz)
3-2 (140967.75 MHz)
5-4 (234935.69 MHz)
6-5 (281914.13 MHz)
1988 CH3NC Tentative Detection of CH3NC towards Sgr B2
J. Cernicharo, C. Kahane, M. Guélin, and J. Gomez-Gonzalez, A&A 189:L1-L2 (1988)		 Sgr B2
J = 4 3 (80??? MHZ)
J = 5 4 (100525 MHZ)
J = 7 6 (140734 MHZ)
1988 C3
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR FEB 2008		 Detection of C3 in the Circumstellar Shell of IRC +10216
K. H. Hinkle, J. J. Keady, and P. F. Bernath, Science 241:1319-1322 (1988)
Far-infrared Detection of C3 in Sagittarius B2 and IRC +10216
J. Cernicharo, J. R. Goicoechea, and E. Caux, ApJ 534:L199-L202 (2000)		 IRC +10216
matches to 15 lines of the P and
Q branches, 2025-2056 cm-1
1988 CH2CN
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR FEB 2012		 Identification of the Interstellar Cyanomethyl Radical (CH2CN) in the Molecular Clouds TMC-1 and Sagittarius B2
W. M. Irvine, P. Friberg, Å. Hjalmarson, S. Ishikawa, N. Kaifu, K. Kawaguchi, S. C. Madden, H. E. Matthews, M. Ohishi, S. Saito, H. Suzuki, P. Thaddeus, B. E. Turner, S. Yamamoto, and L. M. Ziurys, ApJ 334:L107-L111 (1988)		 TMC-1, Sgr B2
numerous radio lines
1988 HC2CHO A New Interstellar Polyatomic Molecule: Detection of Propynal in the Cold Cloud TMC-1
W. M. Irvine, R. D. Brown, D. M. Craig, P. Friberg, P. D. Godfrey, N. Kaifu, H. E. Matthews, M. Ohishi, H. Suzuki, and H. Takeo, ApJ 335:L89-L93 (1988)		 TMC-1
202-101 (18650.3 MHz)
212-111 (18325.5 MHz)
211-110 (18978.8 MHz)
404-303 (37290.1 MHz)
1989 C5 Detection of C5 in the circumstellar shell of IRC +10216
P. F. Bernath, K. H. Hinkle, and J. J. Keady, Science 244:562-564 (1989)		 IRC +10216
???
1989 SiC
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR NOV 2011		 Astonomical and Laboratory Detection of the SiC Radical
J. Cernicharo, C. A. Gottlieb, M. Guélin, P. Thaddeus, P. and J. M. Vrtilek, ApJ 341:L25-L28 (1989)		 IRC +10216
J′-J=2-1, Ω=1,&Lambda=e (80988 MHz)
J′-J=2-1, Ω=1,&Lambda=f (81062 MHz)
J′-J=2-1, Ω=0,&Lambda=e (83842 MHz)
J′-J=4-3, Ω=2,&Lambda=e,f (157494 MHz)
J′-J=4-3, Ω=1,&Lambda=e (161977 MHz)
J′-J=4-3, Ω=1,&Lambda=f (162121 MHz)
J′-J=6-5, Ω=2,&Lambda=e,f (236288 MHz)
1989 C2H2 Discovery of Interstellar Acetylene
J. H. Lacy, N. J. Evans II, J. M. Achtermann, D. E. Bruce, J. F. Arens, and J. S. Carr, ApJ 342:L43-L46 (1989)		 GL 2591, W3 IRS 5, & OMC-1 IRc2
lines in the 13.7 µm 5
vibration-rotation band
1989 SiC4
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR APR 2008		 Detection of a New Circumstellar Carbon Chain Molecule, C4Si
M. Ohishi, N. Kaifu, K. Kawaguchi, A. Murakami, S. Saito, S. Yamamoto, S.-I. Ishikawa, Y. Fujita, S. Shiratori, and W. M. Irvine, ApJ 345:L83-L86 (1989)		 IRC +10216
J′-J′′=12-11 (36810.1 MHz)
J′-J′′=13-12 (39877.6 MHz)
J′-J′′=14-13 (42945.0 MHz)
J′-J′′=15-14 (46012.4 MHz)
J′-J′′=16-15 (49079.8 MHz)
J′-J′′=28-27 (85886.0 MHz)
1989 CO2
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR MAR 2011		 The Discovery of Interstellar Carbon Dioxide
L. B. D'Hendecourt and M. Jourdain de Muizon, A&A 223:L5-L8 (1989)		 AFGL 961, 989, & 890
3 ice feature at 658 cm-1
1989 CH2 A search for methylene in the Orion nebula
J. M. Hollis, P. R. Jewell, P. R. and F. J. Lovas, ApJ 346:794-798 (1989)
Confirmation of Interstellar Methylene
J. M. Hollis, P. R. Jewell, P. R. and F. J. Lovas, ApJ 438:259-264 (1995)		 Orion-KL, W51 M
various rotational lines
1990 CP
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR DEC 2006		 Free CP in IRC +10216
M. Guélin, J. Cernicharo, G. Paubert, and B. E. Turner, A&A 230:L9-L11 (1990)		 IRC +10216
10 radio lines
1991 H2CCC
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR NOV 2005		 Astronomical Detection of H2CCC
J. Cernicharo, C. A. Gottlieb, M Guélin, T. C. Killian, G. Paubert, P. Thaddeus, and J. M. Vrtilek, ApJ 368:L39-L41 (1991)		 TMC-1
101 - 000 (20792.59 MHz)
515 - 414 (102992.38 MHz)
514 - 413 (104915.58 MHz)
716 - 615 (146876.06 MHz)
1991 H2CCCC
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR OCT 2009		 Astronomical Detection of H2CCCC
J. Cernicharo, C. A. Gottlieb, M Guélin, T. C. Killian, P. Thaddeus, and J. M. Vrtilek, ApJ 368:L43-L45 (1991)		 IRC +10216
90,9 - 80,8 (80383.96 MHz)
101,10 - 91,9 (88940.21 MHz)
111,11 - 101,10 (97833.60 MHz)
110,11 - 100,10 (98245.01 MHz)
111,10 - 101,9 (98655.07 MHz)
121,11 - 110,11 (107622.92 MHz)
151,15 - 141,14 (133405.23 MHz)
151,14 - 141,13 (134525.20 MHz)
1991 HC2N Astronomical Detection of the HCCN Radical - Toward a New Family of Carbon-Chain Molecules?
M. Guélin and J. Cernicharo, A&A 244:L21-L24 (1991)		 IRC +10216
4,5 - 3,4 (87767.5 Mhz)
4,4 - 3,3 (87889.4 Mhz)
4,3 - 3,2 (88214.0 Mhz)
5,6 - 4,5 (109771.8 Mhz)
5,5 - 4,4 (109862.5 Mhz)
5,4 - 4,3 (110044.2 Mhz)
6,7 - 5,6 (131761.8 Mhz)
6,6 - 5,5 (131832.5 Mhz)
7,8 - 6,7 (153745.6 Mhz)
7,6 - 6,5 (153894.1 Mhz)
1991 NH Discovery of Interstellar NH
D. M. Meyer and K. C. Roth, ApJ 376:L49-L52 (1991)		 Persei & HD 27778
A 3 - X 3 (0,0) R1(0)(3358 Å)
1991 CH4
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR AUG 2004		 Discovery of Interstellar Methane - Observations of Gaseous and Solid CH4 Absorption Toward Young Stars in Molecular Clouds
J. H. Lacy, J. S. Carr, N. J. Evans II, F. Baas, J. M. Achtermann, and J. F. Arens, ApJ 376:556-560 (1991)		 NGC 7538, IRS 9, etc.
IR features near 7.6 μm
1991 C2O Detection of a New Carbon-chain Molecule, CCO
M, Ohishi, S.-I. Ishikawa, C. Yamada, H. Kanamori, W. M. Irvine, R. D. Brown, P. D. Godfrey, N. Kaifu, and H. Suzuki. ApJ 380:L39-L42 (1991)		 TMC-1
12 01 (22258.181 MHz)
23 12 (45826.706 MHz)
1992 HCCNC Detection of Isocyanoacetylene HCCNC in TMC-1
K. Kawaguchi, M. Ohishi, S.-I. Ishikawa, and N. Kaifu, ApJ 386:L51-L53 (1992)		 TMC-1
4 - 3 (39742.572 MHz)
5 - 4 (49677.90 MHz)
9 - 8 (89419.41 MHz)
1992 SiN Detection of SiN in IRC +10216
B. E. Turner, ApJ 388:L35-L38 (1992)		 IRC +10216
numerous rotational lines
1992 HNCCC Detection of HNCCC in TMC-1
K. Kawaguchi, S. Takano, M. Ohishi, S.-I. Ishikawa, K. Miyazawa, N. Kaifu, K. Yamashita, S. Yamamoto, S. Saito, Y. Ohshima, and Y. Endo, ApJ 396:L49-L51 (1992).		 TMC-1
J = 3-2 (28009.975 MHz)
J = 4-3 (37346.556 MHz)
J = 5-4 (46683.086 MHz)
1992 SO+ Detection of Interstellar SO(+) - A Diagnostic of Dissociative Shock Chemistry
B. E. Turner, ApJ 396:L107-L110 (1992)		 IC 443G
21/2 J=5/2-3/2, e (115804.405 MHz)
21/2 J=5/2-3/2, f (116179.947 MHz)
21/2 J=9/2-7/2, e (208590.021 MHz)
21/2 J=9/2-7/2, f (208965.425 MHz)
1993 NH2 Detection of the Interstellar NH2 Radical
E. F. van Dishoeck, D. J. Jansen, P. Schilke, and T. G. Phillips, ApJ 416:L83-L86 (1993)		 Sgr B2(N) and Sgr B2(M)
J' - J" = 3/2-3/2 (7 lines at 462.4 GHz)
J' - J" = 1/2-1/2 (4 lines at 469.4 GHz)
J' - J" = 3/2-1/2 (5 lines at 461.4 GHz)
1993 CygA
CygA		 CO+ Detection of the Carbon Monoxide Ion (CO+) in the Interstellar Medium and a Planetary Nebula
W. B. Latter, C. K. Walker, and P. R. Maloney, ApJ 419:L97-L100 (1993)		 M17SW
(2,1)(3/2-1/2) (235789.641 MHz)
(2,1)(5/2-3/2) (236062.553 MHz)
(3,2)(5/2-3/2) (353741.262 MHz)
1994 HC3NH+ Detection of a New Molecular Ion HC3NH+ in TMC-1
K. Kawaguchi, Y. Kasai, S.-I. Ishikawa, M. Ohishi, N. Kaifu, and T. Amano, ApJ 420:L95-L97(1994)		 TMC-1
4-3 (34631.914 MHz)
5-4 (43289.809 MHz)
1994 H2CN
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR FEB 2013		 Detection of a New Interstellar Molecule, H2CN
M. Ohishi, D. McGonagle, W. M. Irvine, and S. Yamamoto, ApJ 427:L51-L54 (1994)		 TMC-1, Sgr B2
10 radio lines
1994 NaCN Detection of Sodium Cyanide (NaCN) in IRC 10216
B. E. Turner, T. C. Steimle, and L. Meerts, ApJ 426:L97-L100 (1994)		 IRC +10216
505-404 (77836.7 MHz)
607-505 (93206.1 MHz)
707-606 (108472.0 MHz)
909-808 (138652.1 MHz)
1994 N2O Detection of Interstellar N2O: A New Molecule Containing an N-O Bond
L. M. Ziurys, A. J. Apponi, J. M. Hollis, and L. E. Snyder, ApJ 436:L181-L184 (1994)		 Sgr B2
3-2 (75369.2 MHz)
4-3 (100491.7 MHz)
5-4 (125613.7 MHz)
6-5 (150735.0 MHz)
1995 MgCN
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR SEP 2009		 Detection of MgCN in IRC +10216: A New Metal-Bearing Free Radical
L. M. Ziurys, A. J. Apponi, M. Guélin, and J. Cernicharo, ApJ 445:L47-L50 (1995)		 IRC +10216
11-10 (21/2-19/2) (112063.4 MHz)
11-10 (23/2-21/2) (112078.4 MHz)
10-9 (19/2-17/2) (101877.6 MHz)
10-9 (21/2-19/2) (101892.6 MHz)
9-8 (17/2-15/2) (91690.9 MHz)
9-8 (19/2-17/2) (91970.9 MHz)
1996 C8H Discovery of the C8H Radical
J. Cernicharo and M. Guélin, A&A 309:L27-L30 (1996)		 IRC +10216
10 rotational lines
1996 H3+
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR JUL 2009		 Detection of H3+ in Interstellar Space
T. R. Geballe and T. Oka, Nature 384:334-335 (1996)		 GL2136, W33A
R(1,0) ortho (2725.898 cm-1)
R(1,1)+ para (2726.219 cm-1)
1996 H2COH+
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR MAY 2010		 Detection of a New Interstellar Molecular Ion, H2COH+ (Protonated Formaldehyde)
M. Ohishi, S. Ishikawa, T. Amano, H. Oka, W. M. Irvine, J. E. Dickens, L. M. Ziurys, and A. J. Apponi, ApJ 471:L61-L64 (1996)		 Sgr B2, Orion KL, W51
30,3-21,2 (31914.6 MHz)
11,1-20,2 (36300.0 MHz)
40,4-31,3 (102065.8 MHz)
21,1-11,0 (132219.7 MHz)
11,0-10,1 (168401.1 MHz)
50,5-41,4 (173766.9 MHz)
1997 C7H
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR JUN 2010		 Detection of a New Linear Carbon Chain Radical: C7H
M. Guélin, J. Cernicharo, M. J. Travers, M. C. McCarthy, C. A. Gottlieb, P. Thaddeus, M. Ohishi, S. Saito, and S. Yamamoto, A&A 317:L1-L4 (1997)		 IRC +10216
1/2, 47.5-46.5 (83072.9 MHz)
3/2, 47.5-46.5 (83261.0 MHz)
1/2, 48.5-47.5 (84819.5 MHz)
3/2, 48.5-47.5 (85013.0 MHz)
1/2, 49.5-48.5 (86571.5 MHz)
[  &Omega, J J'  ]
1997 CH3COOH
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR JUL 2006		 Detection and Confirmation of Interstellar Acetic Acid
D. M. Mehringer, L. E. Snyder, Y. Miao, and F. Lovas, ApJ 480:L71-L74 (1997)		 Sgr B2, Orion KL, W51
8*,8-7*,7 E (90203.35 MHz)
8*,8-7*,7 A (90246.26 MHz)
9*,9-8*,8 E (100855.02 MHz)
9*,9-8*,8 A (100897.83 MHz)
1997 H2C6
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR AUG 2010		 First Astronomical Detection of the Cumulene Carbon Chain Molecule H2C6 in TMC-1
W. D. Langer, T. Velusamy, T. B. H. Kuiper, R. Peng, M. C. McCarthy, M. J. Travers, A. Kovács, C. A. Gottlieb, and P. Thaddeus, ApJ 480:L63-L66 (1997)		 TMC-1
JK,K' = 71,761,6 (18802 MHz)
JK,K' = 81,871,7 (21488 MHz)
1997 HC11N Detection of HC11N in the Cold Dust Cloud TMC-1
M. B. Bell, P. A. Feldman, M. J. Travers, M. C. McCarthy, C. A. Gottlieb, and P. Thaddeus, ApJ 483:L61-L64 (1997)		 TMC-1
J = 38 37 (12848.728 MHz)
J = 39 38 (13186.853 MHz)
1997 Mrk 231
Mrk 231		 HF
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR APR 2012		 Discovery of Interstellar Hydrogen Fluoride
D. A. Neufeld, J. Zmuidzinas, P. Schilke, and T. G. Phillips, ApJ 488:L141-L144 (1997)		 Sgr B2
J=2-1 (121.6973 μm)
1997 c-C2H4O
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR JUL 2003		 Detection of Interstellar Ethylene Oxide (c-C2H4O)
J. E. Dickens, W. M. Irvine, M. Ohishi, M. Ikeda, S. Ishikawa, A. Nummelin, and A. Hjalmarson, ApJ 489:753-757 (1997)		 Sgr B2N
11,1-00,0 (39581.60 MHz)
42,2-41,3 (41579.43 MHz)
55,0-55,4 (47556.90 MHz)
63,4-52,3 (219512.82 MHz)
80,8-71,7 (235106.08 MHz)
55,0-44,1 (249623.57 MHz)
81,7-72,6 (254231.79 MHz)
1998 LiH Search for LiH in the ISM towards B0218+357
F. Combes and T. Wiklind, A&A 334:L81-L84 (1998)		 B0218+357
J 0 1 (444 GHz)
1998 C5N Astronomical Detection of the Cyanobutadiynyl Radical C5N
M. Guélin, N. Neininger, and J. Cernicharo, A&A 355:L1-L4 (1998)		 TMC-1
9,9.5-8,8.5 (25249.938 MHz)
9,8.5-8,7.5 (25260.649 MHz)
(N,J N',J')
1999 SiC3
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR FEB 2011		 Astronomical Detection of Rhomboidal SIC3
A. J. Apponi, M. C. McCarthy, C. A. Gottlieb, and P. Thaddeus, ApJ 516:L103-L106 (1999)		 IRC +10216
70,7-60,6 (80662.33 MHz)
80,8-70,7 (91844.83 MHz)
82,7-72,6 (93125.61 MHz)
86,3-76,2 (93421.59 MHz)
86,2-76,1 (93421.59 MHz)
84,5-74,4 (93848.07 MHz)
84,4-74,3 (93848.94 MHz)
82,6-72,5 (94634.66 MHz)
90,9-80,8 (102916.13 MHz)
2000 CH3 Detection of Interstellar CH3
H. Feuchtgruber, F. P. Helmich, E. F. van Dishoeck, and C. M. Wright, ApJ 535:L111-L114 (2000)		 Sgr A*
IR spectral match to Q branch at
16.5 µm and R(0) line at 16.0 µm
2000 CH2OHCHO
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR JUL 2008		 Interstellar Glycolaldehyde: The First Sugar
J. M. Hollis, F. J. Lovas, and P. R. Jewell, ApJ 540:L107-L110 (2000)		 Sgr B2(N)
707-616 (71542.7 MHz)
817-726 (73347.3 MHz)
808-717 (82471.2 MHz)
909-818 (93053.2 MHz)
100,10-919 (103392.0 MHz)
1019-928 (103667.4 MHz)
2000 SiCN Astronomical Detection of the Free Radical SiCN
M. Guélin, S. Muller, J. Cernicharo, A. J. Apponi, M. C. McCarthy, C. A. Gottlieb, and P. Thaddeus, A&A 369:L9-L12 (2000)		 IRC +10216/CW Leo
7.5-6.5 (83.0 GHz)
8.5-7.5 (94.0 GHz)
9.5-8.5 (105.1 GHz)
2001 C4H2
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR JUN 2004		 Infrared Space Observatory's Discovery of C4H2, C6H2, and Benzene in CRL 618
J. Cernicharo, A. M. Heras, A. G. G. M. Tielens, J. R. Pardo, F. Herpin, M. Guélin, and L. B. F. M. Waters, ApJ 546:L123-L126 (2001)		 CRL 618
8 (15.9 µm)
6 + 8 (8 µm)
2001 C6H2
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR OCT 2012		 Infrared Space Observatory's Discovery of C4H2, C6H2, and Benzene in CRL 618
J. Cernicharo, A. M. Heras, A. G. G. M. Tielens, J. R. Pardo, F. Herpin, M. Guélin, and L. B. F. M. Waters, ApJ 546:L123-L126 (2001)		 CRL 618
11 (16.1 µm)
8 + 11 (8.11 µm)
2001 C6H6 Infrared Space Observatory's Discovery of C4H2, C6H2, and Benzene in CRL 618
J. Cernicharo, A. M. Heras, A. G. G. M. Tielens, J. R. Pardo, F. Herpin, M. Guélin, and L. B. F. M. Waters, ApJ 546:L123-L126 (2001)		 CRL 618
4 (14.8374 µm)
2001 CH2CHOH
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR DEC 2010		 Microwave Detection of Interstellar Vinyl Alcohol, CH2CHOH
B. E. Turner and A. J. Apponi, ApJ 561:L207-L210 (2001)		 Sgr B2N, Anti form
111-000 (71830.39 MHz)
212-101 (89757.11 MHz)
313-202 (106949.49 MHz)
414-303 (139315.20 MHz)
515-404 (154460.95 MHz)
Sgr B2N, Syn form
212-101 (86557.60 MHz)
313-202 (103706.01 MHz)
2002 AlNC
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR MAY 2006		 More Metal Cyanide Species: Detection of AlNC (X 1Sigma+) toward IRC +10216
L. M. Ziurys, C. Savage, J. L. Highberger, A. J. Apponi, M. Guélin, and J.Cernicharo, ApJ 564:L45-L48 (2002)		 IRC +10216
11-10 (131642.2 MHz)
12-11 (143605.4 MHz)
13-12 (155567.4 MHz)
18-17 (215357.4 MHz)
21-20 (251213.0 MHz)
2002 FeO
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR AUG 2012		 Detection of FeO toward Sagittarius B2
C. M. Walmsley, R. Bachiller, G. Pineau des Forêts, and P. Schilke, ApJ 566:L109-L112 (2002)		 Sgr B2(N)
J=5-4 (153135.3 MHz)
2002 HOCH2CH2OH
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR DEC 2003		 Interstellar Antifreeze: Ethylene Glycol
J. M. Hollis, F. J. Lovas, P. R. Jewell, and L. H. Coudert, ApJ 571:L59-L62 (2002)		 Sgr B2(N-LMH)
845(ν=0)-744(ν=1) (75151.4 MHz)
836(ν=0)-735(ν=1) (75186.1 MHz)
844(ν=0)-743(ν=1) (75186.1 MHz)
707(ν=1)-606(ν=0) (75299.9 MHz)
919(ν=1)-818(ν=0) (92975.9 MHz)
2003 NH2CH2COOH*
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR SEP 2003		 Interstellar Glycine
Y.-J. Kuan, S. B. Charnley, H.-C. Huang, W.-L. Tseng, and Z. Kisiel, ApJ 593:848-867 (2003)
This detection has been disputed:
A Rigorous Attempt to Verify Interstellar Glycine
L. E. Snyder, F. J. Lovas, J. M. Hollis, D. N. Friedel, P. R. Jewell, A. Remijan, V. V. Ilyushin, E. A. Alekseev, and S. F. Dyubko, ApJ 619:914-930 (2005)
Further negative results:
A Search for Biomolecules in Sagittarius B2 (LMH) with the Australia Telescope Compact Array
P. A. Jones, M. R. Cunningham, P. D. Godfrey, and D. M. Cragg, MNRAS 374:579-589 (2007)
A search for propylene oxide and glycine in Sagittarius B2 (LMH) and Orion
M. R. Cunningham and 19 co-workers, MNRAS 376:1201-1210 (2007) 		Sgr B2(N-LMH), Orion KL, W51 e1/e2
27 mm-wave lines
2004 C14H10
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR FEB 2004		 Discovery of Blue Luminescence in the Red Rectangle: Possible Fluorescence from Neutral Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Molecules?
U. P. Vijh, A. N. Witt, and J. D. Gordon, ApJ 606:L65-L68 (2004)
This detection has been disputed:
Crystalline Si Nanoparticles as Carriers of the Blue Luminescence in the Red Rectangle Nebula
M. H. Nayfeh, S. R. Habbal, and S. Rao, ApJ 621:L121-L124 (2005)		 Red Rectangle
misc bands
2004 N2
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR AUG 2008		 The Interstellar N2 Abundance Towards HD 124314 from Far-Ultraviolet Observations
D. C. Knauth, B.-G. Andersson, S. R. McCandliss, and H. W. Moos, Nature 409:636-638 (2004)		 HD 124314
c'4 1+u X 1+g (958.6 Å)
c3 1+u X 1+g (960.3 Å)
2004 CH2CHCHO
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR AUG 2011		 Green Bank Telescope Detection of New Interstellar Aldehydes: Propenal and Propanal
J. M. Hollis, P. R. Jewell, F. J. Lovas, A. Remijan, and H. Møllendal, ApJ 610:L21-L24 (2004)		 Sgr B2(N)
211-110 (18221.164 MHz)
313-212 (26079.449 MHz)
2004 CH3CH2CHO
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR MAR 2008		 Green Bank Telescope Detection of New Interstellar Aldehydes: Propenal and Propanal
J. M. Hollis, P. R. Jewell, F. J. Lovas, A. Remijan, and H. Møllendal, ApJ 610:L21-L24 (2004)		 Sgr B2(N)
111-000 (21268.611 MHz)
202-101 (20875.059 MHz)
212-111 (19690.426 MHz)
211-110 (22279.346 MHz)
303-212 (21451.572 MHz)
413-404 (19182.445 MHz)
2004 SiNC
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR MAY 2009		 Detection of the SiNC Radical in IRC +10216
M. Guélin, S. Muller, J. Cernicharo, M. C. McCarthy, and P. Thaddeus, A&A 426:L49-L52 (2004)		 IRC +10216
J = 6.5 5.5 (e) (? MHz)
J = 7.5 6.5 (f) (? MHz)
J = 8.5 7.5 (f) (? MHz)
J = 10.5 9.5 (e) (? MHz)
J = 10.5 9.5 (f) (? MHz)
2004 HC4N Detection of the Linear Radical HC4N in IRC +10216
J. Cernicharo, M. Guélin, and J. R. Pardo, ApJ 615:L145-L148 (2004) 		IRC +10216
12 radio lines
2005 CO(CH2OH)2* 1,3-Dihydroxyacetone in Sagittarius B2(N-LMH): The First Interstellar Ketose
S. L. Widicus Weaver and G. A. Blake, ApJ 624:L33-L36 (2005)
This detection has been disputed:
Investigating the Limits of Chemical Complexity in Sagittarius B2(N): A Rigorous Attempt to Confirm 1,3-Dihydroxyacetone
A. J. Apponi, D. T. Halfen, L. M. Ziurys, J. M. Hollis, Anthony J. Remijan, and F. J. Lovas. ApJ 643:L29-L32 (2006)		 Sgr B2(N-LMH)
9 submillimeter lines
2006 CH2CCHCN Hyperfine Structure Identification of Interstellar Cyanoallene toward TMC-1
F. J. Lovas, A. J. Remijan, J. M. Hollis, P. R. Jewell, and L. E. Snyder, ApJ 637:L37-L40 (2006) 		TMC-1
414-313 (20.2 GHz)
(plus hyperfine structure)
404-303 (20.6 GHz)
515-414 (25.2 GHz)
505-404 (25.7 GHz)
2006 c-H2C3O
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR DEC 2007		 Cyclopropenone (c-H2C3O): A New Interstellar Ring Molecule
J. M. Hollis, Anthony J. Remijan, P. R. Jewell, and F. J. Lovas. ApJ 642:933-939 (2006) 		Sgr B2(N-LMH)
8 rotational lines
2006 CH3CONH2
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR AUG 2006		 Detection of Acetamide (CH3CONH2): The Largest Interstellar Molecule with a Peptide Bond
J. M. Hollis, F. J. Lovas, Anthony J. Remijan, P. R. Jewell, V. V. Ilyushin, and I. Kleiner. ApJ 643:L25-L28 (2006) 		Sgr B2(N)
4 A-species lines
4 E-species lines
2006 CH3C6H Methyltriacetylene (CH3C6H) toward TMC-1: The Largest Detected Symmetric Top
A. J. Remijan, J. M. Hollis, L. E. Snyder, P. R. Jewell, and F. J. Lovas. ApJ 643:L37-L40 (2006)		 TMC-1
10 rotational lines
2006 CH2CNH
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR MAY 2007		 Detection of Ketenimine (CH2CNH) in Sagittarius B2(N) Hot Cores
F. J. Lovas, J. M. Hollis, A. J. Remijan, and P. R. Jewell. ApJ 645:L137-L140 (2006)		 Sgr B2(N)
716-808 (41.5 GHz)
817-909 (23.2 GHz)
918-100,10 (4.9 GHz)
2006 CF+ Discovery of Interstellar CF+
D. A. Neufeld, P. Schilke, K. M. Menten, M. G. Wolfire, J. H. Black, F. Schuller, H. S. P. Müller, S. Thorwirth, R. Güsten, and S. Philipp. A&A 454:L37-L40 (2006).		 Orion Bar region
J=1-0 (102.6 GHz)
J=2-1 (205.2 GHz)
J=3-2 (307.7 GHz)
2006 CH3C5N Confirmation of Interstellar Methylcyanodiacetylene (CH3C5N)
L. E. Snyder, J. M. Hollis, P. R. Jewell, F. J. Lovas, and A. Remijan. ApJ 647:412-417 (2006).		 TMC-1
J',K - J'',K
12,1-11,1 (18672.8 MHz)
12,0-11,0 (18672.9 MHz)
13,1-12,1 (20228.8 MHz)
13,0-12,0 (20228.9 MHz)
14,1-13,1 (21784.9 MHz)
14,0-13,0 (21785.0 MHz)
15,1-14,1 (23340.9 MHz)
15,0-14,0 (23341.1 MHz)
16,1-15,1 (24897.0 MHz)
16,0-15,0 (24897.1 MHz)
2006 C6H-
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR FEB 2007		 Laboratory and Astronomical Identification of the Negative Molecular Ion C6H-
M. C. McCarthy, C. A. Gottlieb, H. Gupta, and P. Thaddeus. ApJ 652:L141-L144 (2006)		 IRC +10216, TMC-1
"17 rotational lines between
8 and 187 GHz"
2007 C4H-
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR JUN 2011		 Astronomical Detection of C4H-, the Second Interstellar Anion
J. Cernicharo, M. Guélin, M. Agúndez, K. Kawaguchi, M. McCarthy, and P. Thaddeus. A&A 467:L37-L40 (2007)		 IRC +10216
J=9-8 (83787 MHz)
J=11-10 (102406 MHz)
J=12-11 (111714 MHz)
J=14-13 (130333 MHz)
J=15-14 (139641 MHz)
2007 HCP Discovery of Phosphaethyne (HCP) in Space: Phosphorus Chemistry in Circumstellar Envelopes
M. Agúndez, J. Cernicharo, and M. Guélin. ApJ 662:L91-L94 (2007)		 IRC +10216
J'J"=2-1 (79903.3 MHz)
J'J"=4-3 (159802.6 MHz)
J'J"=5-4 (199749.4 MHz)
J'J"=6-5 (239693.7 MHz)
J'J"=7-6 (279635.0 MHz)
2007 C8H- Detection of the Carbon Chain Negative Ion C8H- in TMC-1
S. Brünken, H. Gupta, C. A. Gottlieb, M. C. McCarthy, and P. Thaddeus, ApJ 664:L43-L46 (2007)
Detection of C8H- and Comparison with C8H toward IRC +10216
A. J. Remijan, J. M. Hollis, F. J. Lovas, M. A. Cordiner, T. J. Millar, A. J. Markwick-Kemper, and P. R. Jewell, ApJ 664:L47-L50 (2007)		 TMC-1
J'-J = 11-10 (12833.460 MHz)
J'-J = 12-11 (14000.134 MHz)
J'-J = 13-12 (15166.806 MHz)
J'-J = 16-15 (18666.814 MHz)
IRC +10216
J = 22-21 (25666.783 MHz)
J = 35-34 (40833.075 MHz)
J = 36-35 (41999.690 MHz)
J = 37-36 (43166.302 MHz)
J = 38-37 (44332.910 MHz)
2007 CH2CHCH3
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR AUG 2012		 Discovery of Interstellar Propylene (CH2CHCH3): Missing Links in Interstellar Gas-Phase Chemistry
N. Marcelino, J. Cernicharo, M. Agúndez, E. Roueff, M. Gerin, J. Martín-Pintado, R. Mauersberger, and C. Thum. ApJ 665:L127-L130 (2007)		 TMC-1
A lines
515-414 (84151.670 MHz)
505-404 (86651.566 MHz)
524-423 (87134.576 MHz)
523-423 (87677.584 MHz)
514-413 (89998.180 MHz)
616-515 (100911.394 MHz)
606-505 (103689.979 MHz)
E lines
505-404 (86650.873 MHz)
524-423 (87137.941 MHz)
523-422 (87673.663 MHz)
514-413 (89997.232 MHz)
616-515 (100911.141 MHz)
606-505 (103689.117 MHz)
2007 PO
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR JAN 2008		 Identification of Phosphorus Monoxide (X 2Pi_r) in VY Canis Majoris: Detection of the First P-O Bond in Space
E. D. Tenenbaum, N. J. Woolf, and L. M. Ziurys. ApJ 666:L29-L32 (2007)		 VY Canis Majoris
J = 5.5 4.5
e: F = 6 5 (239949.0 MHz)
e: F = 5 4 (239958.1 MHz)
f: F = 6 5 (240141.1 MHz)
f: F = 5 4 (240152.5 MHz)
J = 6.5 5.5
e: F = 7 6 (283586.8 MHz)
e: F = 6 5 (283593.2 MHz)
f: F = 7 6 (283777.6 MHz)
f: F = 6 5 (283785.4 MHz)
2008 CNCHO
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR JAN 2012		 Detection of Interstellar Cyanoformaldehyde (CNCHO)
A. J. Remijan, J. M. Hollis, F. J. Lovas, W. D. Stork, P. R. Jewell, and D. S. Meier. ApJ 675:L85-L88 (2008)		 Sgr B2(N)
J′(K-,K+)-J″(K-,K+) transitions
5(1,5)-6(0,6) (2078.1 MHz)
7(0,7)-6(1,6) (8574.1 MHz)
8(0,8)-7(1,7) (19368.0 MHz)
9(0,9)-8(1,8) (30294.2 MHz)
10(0,10)-9(1,9) (41342.2 MHz)
2008 CCP
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR OCT 2011		 Detection of the CCP Radical (X 2Πr) in IRC +10216: A New Interstellar Phosphorus-containing Species
D. T. Halfen, D. J. Clouthier, and L. M. Ziurys. ApJ 677:L101-L104 (2008)		 IRC +10216
five rotational lines, include one lamba-doublet
J = 8.5 7.5 (~108 GHz)
J = 10.5 9.5 (~134 GHz)
J = 11.5 10.5 (~146 GHz)
J = 12.5 11.5 (~159 GHz)
2008 C3N- Laboratory and Astronomical Detection of the Negative Molecular Ion C3N-
P. Thaddeus, C. A. Gottlieb, H. Gupta, S. Brünken, M. C. McCarthy, M. Agúndez, M. Guélin, and J. Cernicharo. ApJ 677:1132-1139 (2008)		 IRC +10216
J'-J = 10-9 (97029.5 MHz)
J'-J = 11-10 (106731.5 MHz)
J'-J = 14-13 (135837.9 MHz)
J'-J = 15-14 (145538.6 MHz)
2008 NH2CH2CN Detection of amino acetonitrile in Sgr B2(N)
A. Belloche, K. M. Menten, C. Comito, H. S. P. Müller, P. Schilke, J. Ott, S. Thorwirth, and C. Hieret. A&A 482:179-196 (2008)		 Sgr B2(N)
many lines
2008 PH3
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR MAR 2010		 Tentative detection of phosphine in IRC +10216
M. Agúndez, J. Cernicharo, J. R. Pardo, M. Guélin, and T. G. Phillips. A&A 485:L33-L36 (2008)		 IRC +10216
JK=10-00 (266.944 GHz)
2008 C5N- Detection of C5N- and Vibrationally Excited C6H in IRC +10216
J. Cernicharo, M. Guélin, M. Agú, M. C. McCarthy, and P. Thaddeus, ApJ 688:L83-L86 (2008)		 IRC +10216
J=29-28 (80550.7 MHz)
J=30-29 (83328.0 MHz)
J=32-31 (88883.1 MHz)
J=33-32 (91660.0 MHz)
2009 HCNO
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR APR 2009		 Discovery of Fulminic Acid, HCNO, in Dark Clouds
N. Marcelino, J. Cernicharo, B. Tercero, and E. Roueff, ApJ 690:L27-L30 (2009)		 B1, L1544, L193, L1527
J=4-3 (91.751 GHz)
J=5-4 (? MHz)
2009 AlO
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR JUL 2010		 Millimeter Detection of AlO (X 2Sigma+): Metal Oxide Chemistry in the Envelope of VY Canis Majoris
E. D. Tenenbaum and L. M. Ziurys, ApJ 693:L59-L63 (2009)		 VY Canis Major
N=76 (267.937 GHz)
N=65 (229.670 GHz)
N=43 (153.124 GHz)
2009 HOCN Laboratory Detection of HOCN and Tentative Identification in Sgr B2
S. Brünken, C. A. Gottlieb, M. C. McCarthy, and P. Thaddeus, ApJ 697:880-885 (2009)
Interstellar HOCN in the Galactic center region
S. Brünken, A. Belloche, S. Martín, L. Verheyen, and K. M. Menten, A&A 516:A109 (2010)		 Sgr B2
Ka=0 transitions:
40,4-30,3 (83.9 GHz)
50,5-40,4 (104.9 GHz)
60,6-50,5 (125.8 GHz)
70,7-60,6 (146.8 GHz)
2009 C2H5OCHO
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR DEC 2009		 Increased Complexity in Interstellar Chemistry: Detection and Chemical Modeling of Ethyl Formate and n-Propyl Cyanide in Sagittarius B2(N)
A. Belloche, R. T. Garrod, H. S. P. Müller, K. M. Menten, C. Comito, and P. Schilke, A&A 499:215-232 (2009).		 Sgr B2(N)
many lines
2009 C3H7CN Increased Complexity in Interstellar Chemistry: Detection and Chemical Modeling of Ethyl Formate and n-Propyl Cyanide in Sagittarius B2(N)
A. Belloche, R. T. Garrod, H. S. P. Müller, K. M. Menten, C. Comito, and P. Schilke, A&A 499:215-232 (2009).		 Sgr B2(N)
many lines
2009 HSCN Detection of a New Interstellar Molecule: Thiocyanic Acid HSCN
D. T. Halfen, L. M. Ziurys, S. Brünken, C. A. Gottlieb, M. C. McCarthy, and P. Thaddeus, ApJ 702:L124-L127 (2009).		 Sgr B2(N)
8 lines
2010 AlOH Exotic Metal Molecules in Oxygen-rich Envelopes: Detection of AlOH (X1Sigma+) in VY Canis Majoris.
E. D. Tenenbaum and L. M. Ziurys, ApJ 712:L93-L97(2010).		 VY Canis Major
J = 9 → 8 (283253.9 MHz)
J = 7 → 6 (220330.9 MHz)
J = 5 → 4 (157391.0 MHz)
2010 CN- Astronomical Identification of CN-, the Smallest Observed Molecular Anion.
M. Agúndez, J. Cernicharo, M. Guélin, C. Kahane, E. Roueff, J. Klos, F. J. Aoiz, F. Lique, N. Marcelino, J. R. Goicoechea, M. González García, C. A. Gottlieb, M. C. McCarthy, and P. Thaddeus. A&A 517:L2 (2010).		 IRC +10216
J = 1-0 (112264.8 MHz)
(blended)
J = 2-1 (224525.4 MHz)
J = 3-2 (336777.0 MHz)
2010 H2O+
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR MAR 2013		 Detection of interstellar oxidaniumyl: Abundant H2O+ towards the star-forming regions DR21, Sgr B2, and NGC6334
V. Ossenkopf and 102 co-authors. A&A 518:Llll (2010).		 DR21, Sgr B2(M), NGC6334
(details to follow)
2010 SMC
NGC4418		 OH+ First interstellar detection of OH+.
F. Wyrowski, K. M. Menten, R. Güsten and A. Belloche. A&A 518:A26 (2010).		 Sgr B2(M)
N =1-0, J = 1-0 (909.1588 GHz)
2010 H2Cl+
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR MAY 2012		 Herschel/HIFI discovery of interstellar chloronium (H2Cl+)
D. C. Lis and 91 co-authors. A&A 521:L9 (2010).		 NGC 6334I, Sgr B2(S)
(details to follow)
2010 SMC
SMC		 C60
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR MAY 2011		 Detection of C60 and C70 in a Young Planetary Nebula.
J. Cami, J. Bernard-Salas, E. Peeters, and S. E. Malek, Science 329:1180-1192 (2010).
C60 in Reflection Nebulae
K. Sellgren, M. W. Werner, J. G. Ingalls, J. D. T. Smith, T. M. Carleton, and C. Joblin, ApJ 722:L54-L57 (2010) [see also Werner et al. 2004b and Sellgren et al. 2007 cited therein].		 Tc 1
IR bands at 8.5, 17.4, and 18.9 μm
NGC 7023
IR bands at 7.0, 17.4, and 18.9 μm
2010 C70 Detection of C60 and C70 in a Young Planetary Nebula.
J. Cami, J. Bernard-Salas, E. Peeters, and S. E. Malek, Science 329:1180-1192 (2010).		 Tc 1
IR bands at 12.6, 14.9, 15.6, and 21.9 μm
2010 C14H10+ A Search for Interstellar Anthracene towards the Perseus Anomalous Microwave Emission Region
S. Iglesias-Groth, A. Manchado, R. Rebolo, J. I. González Hernández, D. A. Garcí- Hernández, and D. L. Lambert, MNRAS 407:2157-2165 (2010) 		Cernis 52
7088.8 Å
2010 KCN Identification of KCN in IRC+10216: Evidence for Selective Cyanide Chemistry
R. L. Pulliam, C. Savage, M. Agúndez, J. Cernicharo, M. Guélin, and L. M. Ziurys. ApJ 727:L181 (2010).		 IRC +10216
14 transitions
2011 SH+ Submillimeter absorption from SH+, a new widespread interstellar radical, 13CH+ and HCl
K. M. Menten, F. Wyrowski, A. Belloche, R. Güsten, L. Dedes, and H. S. P. Müller. A&A 525:A77 (2011).		 Sgr B2
quartet of hyperfine structure lines
near 683 GHz from 11-01
2011 FeCN
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR JUL 2012		 Detection of FeCN (X 4Deltai) in IRC +10216: A New Interstellar Molecule
L. N. Zack, D. T. Halfen, and L. M. Ziurys. ApJ 733:L36 (2011).		 IRC +10216
J = 10.5 → 9.5 (84232.4 MHz)
J = 12.5 → 11.5 (100275.0 MHz)
J = 13.5 → 12.5 (108296.0 MHz)
J = 17.5 → 16.5 (140397.0 MHz)
(additional blended or contaminated lines observed)
2011 HOOH Detection of interstellar hydrogen peroxide
P. Bergman, B. Parise, R. Liseau, B. Larsson, H. Olofsson, K. M. Menten and R. Güsten A&A 531, L8 (2011).		 ρ Oph A
30,3 - 21,1 (219167 MHz)
61,5 - 50,5 (251915 MHz)
40,4 - 31,2 (268961 MHz)
50,5 - 41,3 (318223 MHz)
2011 O2 Herschel Measurements of Molecular Oxygen in Orion
P. F. Goldsmith and 34 co-authors, ApJ 737:96 (2011)
see also:
Molecular Oxygen in the ρ Ophiuchi Cloud
B. Larsson and 57 co-authors, A&A 466:999-1003 (2007)		 Orion
3,3-1,2 (487.249 GHz)
5,4-3,4 (773.840 GHz)
7,6-5,6 (1120.715 GHz)
ρ Ophiuchi
NJ = 11-10 line at 118750.3 MHz
2012 HO2 Detection of the hydroperoxyl radical HO2 toward ρ Ophiuchi A. Additional constraints on the water chemical network
B. Parise, P. Bergman, and F. Du, A&A 541:L11 (2012) 		ρ Oph A
5 lines (for 7 transitions)
2012 HCl+ Herschel/HIFI Discovery of HCl+ in the Interstellar Medium
M. De Luca, H. Gupta, D. Neufeld, M. Gerin, D. Teyssier, B. J. Drouin, J. C. Pearson, D. C. Lis, R. Monje, T. G. Phillips, J. R. Goicoechea, B. Godard, E. Falgarone, A. Coutens, and T. A. Bell, ApJ 751:L37 (2012) 		W31C & W49N
2Π3/2 J=5/2-3/2 (1444 GHz)
with Λ doubling and hyperfine structure
2012 SH
ASTROMOLECULE OF THE MONTH FOR JAN 2013		 Discovery of interstellar mercapto radicals (SH) with the GREAT instrument on SOFIA
D. A. Neufeld, E. Falgarone, M. Gerin, B. Godard, E. Herbst, G. Pineau des Forêts, A. I. Vasyunin, R. Güsten, H. Wiesemeyer, and O. Ricken, A&A 542:L6 (2012) 		W49N
2Π3/2 J=5/2-3/2 (1383 GHz)
λ doublet
2012 trans HCOOCH3 (see methyl formate entry, 1975) I'm still thinking about how to handle the situation this species raises. When is a conformer distinct enough to have its own entry? Given the energy differences and the barrier protecting the tran and cis isomers, this one probably is...
2012 HNCNH Interstellar Carbodiimide (HNCNH): A New Astronomical Detection from the GBT PRIMOS Survey via Maser Emission Features
B. A. McGuire, R. A. Loomis, C. M. Charness, J. F. Corby, G. A. Blake, J. M. Hollis, F. J. Lovas, P. R. Jewell, and A. J. Remijan, ApJ 758:L33 (2012)		 Sgr B2(N)
A1s18(0,18)-A1d17(1,17) (4344.009 MHz)
A1s19(0,19)-A1d18(1,18) (25083.265 MHz)
A1s20(0,20)-A1d19(1,19) (45822.046 MHz)
A2s18(0,18)-A2d17(1,17) (4802.956 MHz)
A2s19(0,19)-A2d18(1,18) (25541.620 MHz)
2012 CH3O Discovery of the Methoxy Radical, CH3O, toward B1: Dust Grain and Gas-phase Chemistry in Cold Dark Clouds
J. Cernicharo, N. Marcelino, E. Roueff, M. Gerin, A. Jiménez-Escobar, and G. M. Muñoz Caro, ApJ 759:L43 (2012)		 B1-b
hyperfine components of N=1-0, K=0, J=3/2-1/2 transition at 3 mm
2012 l-C3H+ The IRAM-30 m line survey of the Horsehead PDR. II. First detection of the l-C3H+ hydrocarbon cation
J. Pety, P. Gratier, V. Guzmán, E. Roueff, M. Gerin, J. R. Goicoechea, S. Bardeau, A. Sievers, F. Le Petit, J. Le Bourlot, A. Belloche, and D. Talbi, A&A 548:A68 (2012) This detection has been disputed:
Spectroscopic Constants and Vibrational Frequencies for l-C3H+ and Isotopologues from Highly Accurate Quartic Force Fields: The Detection of l-C3H+ in the Horsehead Nebula PDR Questioned
X. Huang, R. C. Fortenberry, and T. J. Lee, ApJ 768:L25 (2013)		 Horsehead PDR
J = 4 → 3 (89957.6 MHz)
J = 5 → 4 (112445.6 MHz)
J = 6 → 5 (134932.7 MHz)
J = 7 → 6 (157418.7 MHz)
J = 9 → 8 (202386.6 MHz)
J = 10 → 9 (224868.4 MHz)
J = 11 → 10 (247348.3 MHz)
J = 12 → 11 (269825.9 MHz)
2013 C60+ Interstellar C60+
O. Berné, G. Mulas, and C. Joblin, A&A 550:L4 (2013)
See also:
On the identification of the C60+ interstellar features
G. A. Galazutidinov, K. Krełowski, F. A. Musaev, P. Ehrenfruend, and B. H. Foing, MNRAS 317:750-758 (2000).
Detection of two interstellar absorption bands coincident with spectral features of C60+
B. H. Foing and P. A. Ehrenfreund, Nature 369:296-298 (1994). 		NGC 7023
IR bands at 6.43, 7.13, 8.10,
and 10.53 μm
2013 CH3CHNH The Detection of Interstellar Ethanimine (CH3CHNH) from Observations taken during the GBT PRIMOS Survey
R. A. Loomis, D. P. Zaleski, A. L. Steber, J. L. Neill, M. T. Muckle, B. J. Harris, J. M. Hollis, P. R. Jewell, V. Lattanzi, F. J. Lovas, O. Martinez, Jr., M. C. McCarthy, A. J. Remijan, and B. H. Pate, ApJL 765:L10 (2013)		 Sgr B2(N)
20 transitions
2013 E-HNCHCN Detection of E-cyanomethanimine towards Sagittarius B2(N) in the Green Bank Telescope PRIMOS Survey
D. P. Zaleski, N. A. Seifert, A. L. Steber, M. T. Muckle, R. A. Loomis, J. F. Corby, O. Martinez, Jr., K. N. Crabtree, P. R. Jewell, J. M. Hollis, F. J. Lovas, D. Vasquez, J. Nyiramahirwe, N. Sciortino, K. Johnson, M. C. McCarthy, A. J. Remijan, and B. H. Pate, ApJ 765:L9 (2013)		 Sgr B2(N)
9 transitions
2013 TiO Pure rotational spectra of TiO and TiO2 in VY Canis Majoris
T. Kamiński, C. A. Gottlieb, K. M. Menten, N. A. Patel, K. H. Young, S. Brünken, H. S. P. Müller, M. C. McCarthy, J. M. Winters, and L. Decin, A&A 551:A113 (2013)		 VY Canis Majori
10 transitions
2013 TiO2 Pure rotational spectra of TiO and TiO2 in VY Canis Majoris
T. Kamiński, C. A. Gottlieb, K. M. Menten, N. A. Patel, K. H. Young, S. Brünken, H. S. P. Müller, M. C. McCarthy, J. M. Winters, and L. Decin, A&A 551:A113 (2013)		 VY Canis Majori
many transitions

uv-vis (electronic)     mm/sub-mm (rotational)     infrared (vibrational)

Acknowledgments

The NASA ADS archive and the list of Recommended Rest Frequencies for Observed Interstellar Molecular Microwave Transitions at NIST are indispensable resources.


Maintained by DE Woon
Updated 7 May 2013